If you are reading this article, odds are that you have heard of the Corporate Transparency Act (“CTA”). Odds also are that this is the first you have heard that a Federal Court in the Northern District of Alabama has ruled it to be unconstitutional because the CTAcannot be justified as an exercise of Congress’ enumerated powers.” National Small Business United v. Janet Yellen et. al., (ND Ala, 3/1/24). Here is what you need to know:

Continue Reading Corporate Transparency Act Ruled UNCONSTITUTIONAL

Truck Insurance Exchange v. Ullman, –N.E.3d – (2023), 2023 IL APP (1st) 220804

What you need to know:

  1. Purchasing inadequate amounts of insurance as a director can result in a lawsuit against you for which there might not be insurance coverage.
  2. If your association objects to you as a director seeking sufficient insurance coverage, resign as a director.
Continue Reading The Risk of Being Under Insured

United States of America v. Aqua 388 Community Association 2023 WL 6890753 US Dist Ct., C.D. California (October 6, 2023)

What you need to know:

  1. If a handicapped person asks for a parking spot to accommodate a disability, grant it unless you have a legal opinion that you don’t need to. 
  2. Contesting a reasonable accommodation case can be time-consuming and expensive, even if you win. If you lose, it’s even more expensive.
Continue Reading Parking for Handicapped Individuals – Denying a Reasonable Accommodation is Costly

Two years ago, the law in Wisconsin was clarified relative to what records unit owners were entitled to inspect and copy. That list used to require a comparison of Ch. 703 and Ch. 181 Wis. Stat. Now what is required to be maintained and produced to unit owners is set forth in 703.20 Wis. Stat. Below is a summary of those lists:

Continue Reading Association Records – What You Need to Know

About twenty years ago my friend attorney Jonathan Levine wrote a handout that was entitled “MINUTES…NOT HOURS!” It gave a great account of what was and what was not needed in the minutes. Rather than re-write what he wrote, I simply copied (with minor additions) his list below:

Continue Reading Minutes of Meetings – What You Need to Record

What is the Corporate Transparency Act?

The Corporate Transparency Act (the “CTA”) was enacted by Congress on January 1, 2021 (31 USC 5301, et seq.). The stated purpose of the law is to address “the disclosure of corporate ownership and the prevention of money laundering and the financing of terrorism.” WHAT? So how does this relate to my Association? The CTA requires small corporations, limited liability companies, and companies created by filing a document with the State (“Reporting Company”) to disclose information about their beneficial owners. Beneficial owners are “any individual who, directly or indirectly:”

  1. Exercises substantial control over a corporation or limited liability company, or
  2. Own 25% or more of the interest in a corporation or limited liability company. 
Continue Reading Corporate Transparency Act – Does Your Association Want to Give the U.S. Government $10,000

Walsh v. Hawthorn Hills Owners of Rochester, Inc. 2023 WL 4144757, Not Reported in N.W.Rptr (Michigan, 2023)

What you need to know:

  1. A new construction project (street lights) can be a general and recurring expense and therefore fall under the annual budget.
  2. The key to determining whether something is or is not potentially part of the budget is what is provided in the association documents. 
Continue Reading Can a New Capital Project be Paid by Annual Assessments – YES

Desch v. South Fork of Hillsborough County II Homeowners Association, —So.3d— (2023).

What you need to know:

  1. Past practice likely won’t be sufficient to sustain a manager’s assessment to a lot owner.
  2. If your association documents set forth a process by which something must be done (e.g. assessments) FOLLOW IT. 
Continue Reading Do Assessments Require Board Action – YES

What you need to know:

  1. The Inflation Reduction Act extended the Federal Residential Solar Energy Credit and raised it from 26% to 30%;
  2. The Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy published the following guidelines for determining if homeowners are eligible to receive the 30% tax credit;
  3. Members of homeowner associations, condominiums, and tenant-stockholders of cooperative housing corporations are eligible for the tax credit if they pay part of the costs of installation of an eligible solar energy system.
Continue Reading Solar Panels – Can I get a Tax Credit for Installing Them?

Hogg v. Villages of Bloomingdale I Homeowners Association, Inc., 357 So.3d 1271 (2023)

Lessons learned:

  1. An Association can’t seek reformation of a declaration after the applicable statute of limitations has passed – meaning that once the applicable statute of limitations has passed a change to the declaration requires a properly passed amendment.
  2. Before the statute of limitations has passed, a court of equity has the power to reform a declaration where, due to a mutual mistake, the declaration does not accurately express the true intention of the declarant. 
Continue Reading Statute of Limitations Prohibits Association from Bringing Action to Reform Declaration